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7. Because King Philip's desire to make Spain the dominant power in sixteenth-century Europe ran counter to Queen Elizabeth's insistence on autonomy for England, ------- was -------.

　　(A) reconciliation . . assured

　　(B) warfare . . avoidable

　　(C) ruination . . impossible

　　(D) conflict . . inevitable

　　(E) diplomacy . . simple

答案：D

解析：The word "because" indicates that the information in the first part of the sentence (the part before the comma) explains the reason for the situation described in the second part. The first part states that what King Philip wanted (domination for Spain) "ran counter to" what Queen Elizabeth wanted (independence for England). Choice (D) logically completes the sentence: Given that there was such a fundamental disagreement between the two monarchs, "conflict" would likely be "inevitable," or unavoidable.

8. Although the scientist claimed to have made a major breakthrough in his research, the evidence he offered as proof of his assertion was ------- at best.

　　(A) conclusive

　　(B) indubitable

　　(C) paltry

　　(D) copious

　　(E) extensive

答案：C

解析：“Paltry,” or meager, fits within the context of this sentence because it questions or qualifies the scientist’s claim of achieving a “major breakthrough.”

9. There is no doubt that Larry is a genuine ------- : he excels at telling stories that fascinate his listeners.

　　(A) braggart

　　(B) dilettante

　　(C) pilferer

　　(D) prevaricator

　　(E) raconteur

答案：E

解析：The structure of this sentence indicates that the words after the colon define or directly clarify what came before. The phrase "he excels at telling stories that fascinate his listeners" serves to define the missing word. Choice (E), "raconteur," is the only word that describes someone who excels at storytelling.

10. Until Florence Nightingale made nursing ------- , it was considered a ------- profession.

　　(A) scientific . . painstaking

　　(B) essential . . dangerous

　　(C) noble . . lofty

　　(D) patriotic . . worthy

　　(E) respectable . . degrading

答案：E

解析：“Respectable” and “degrading” most clearly convey a distinct change in the image of nursing: though nursing was first considered degrading, Florence Nightingale's accomplishments made it respectable.

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