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二、表同义互换
雅思最重要的一个现象就是同意互换(paraphrase),尤其在听力过程中,为了增加难度许多词语并不会出现原词。那么我们来看看and会如何做同意互换呢。
1. It is possible to hire _______ and _______.
Audio Scripts: And you can hire laptops ... as well as printers ... (6-1-3)
2. Cardboard, coloured pens and a _______.
Audio Scripts: ... and coloured each one in using different colours, then you thread a piece of string ... So we'd need some string as well. (4-4-3)
当然and还可以转换为together with, not only ... but also ...等等,但是无论怎么互换最后换到的词语都比and复杂,这个实际上变相的降低了听力的难度,因此在许多情况下,当试卷上出现and时,在听力中并不会做互换。换句话说,如果在试卷上看到了and,并且要填写的答案在and周围的话,我们就可以刻意去听and,这样答案也就出来了。
E.G.: Float dropped into ocean and _______by satellite.
Audio Scripts: Each of the floats is dropped in the ocean ... and activated from a satellite. (7-3-3)
通过这个题目我们可以注意到,我们在填对这个答案的时候几乎都可以不用知道float, satellite甚至是答案activated的意思,只需要将and后面的动词写下来就可以了。这个大大增加了and这个词语的重要性。
E.G.: Swimming aids: fins and ______.
Audio Scripts: ... sharks are very quick swimmers. This is made possible by their fins, one set at the side ..., and the tail also help the shark move forward quickly. (4-4-4)
我们发现在fins的后面加了一句解释的话,在听力过程中往往会导致听漏,但是后面出现的and就是非常好的定位点。
延伸阅读:
雅思写作备考指导——解释原因
雅思写作备考指导——总结利弊
雅思听力备考指导——名词限定
更多阅读资料:
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