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3. Any medical test will sometimes fail to detect a condition when it is present and indicate that there is one when it is not.

　　(A) a condition when it is present and indicate that there is one

(B) when a condition is present and indicate that there is one

(C) a condition when it is present and indicate that it is present

(D) when a condition is present and indicate its presence

(E) the presence of a condition when it is there and indicate its presence

4. One legacy of Madison Avenue's recent campaign to appeal to people fifty years old and over is the realization that as a person ages. their concerns change as well.

　　(A) the realization that as a person ages, their

(B) the realization that as people age, their

(C) to realize that when a person ages, his or her

(D) to realize that when people age, their

(E) realizing that as people age, their

Answer

3. Only choice C, the best answer, produces a sentence in which every pronoun it refers clearly and logically to the noun condition. In choices A and B, the phrase indicate that there . is one does not grammatically fit with when it is not because it has no referent. Choices B and D are imprecise in saying that a test will fail to detect when a condition is present, since the issue is the presence and not the timing of the condition. Further, its presence in D leaves the it in when it is not without a logical referent: it must refer to condition, not presence. Choice E repeats this error; also, the presence ... when it is there is imprecise and redundant.

4. In choice A, the plural pronoun their does not agree in number with the singular noun person. Choices C, D, and E can be faulted for failing to complete the construction One legacy ... is with a noun that matches the noun legacy; these choices use verb forms--the infinitive to realize or the present participle realizing--in place of a noun such as realization. Further, when in C and D is less precise than as in characterizing a prolonged and gradual process such as aging. B is the best answer.

延伸阅读：

SAT语法练习题及解析（四）

SAT语法练习题及解析（五）

SAT语法练习题及解析（六）

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