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simile:明喻
定义:A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared.
明喻是一种修辞手法,把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.
例子:
1.He is something of a political chameleon.他有点象政治上的变色龙
2.He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来,像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
metaphor:隐喻
定义:A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.
用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物
例子:
1.He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠
2.The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
Synecdoche:提喻
定义:又称举隅法,主要特点是局部代表全体,或以全体喻指部分,或以抽象代具体,或以具体代抽象。例如:
1、The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.
长城不仅是用石头和土建造的,而且是用几百万人的血和肉建成的。
句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为“the great sacrifice”(巨大的牺牲)
2、“...saying that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world,...”……他说这是世界上最美的语言。
这里用具体的“tongue”代替抽象的“language”。
3、Many eyes turned to a tall,20—year black girl on the U.S. team.
很多人将眼光投向美国队一个高高的20岁的黑姑娘。
这里的“many eyes”代替了“many persons”。
延伸阅读:
SAT语法知识考点解析(一)
SAT语法知识考点解析(二)
SAT作文评分的关键是什么?
更多阅读资料:
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