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2. 题量与段落数相当或多,并且有NB: YOU MAY USE ANY LETTER MORE THAN ONCE
前面讲过,由于段落细节配对题的出题特点,这种题型往往暗示了每段都会有至少一个答案。那么这种题目适合用“通篇浏览”的方法来做。
具体步骤如下:
a. 阅读所有题目,划出关键词
关键词主要是以名词和核心动词为主,最大限度上概括全部意思。
我们以剑桥雅思6 Test 1 Passage 1 Questions 1-7为例:
Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
(1)a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports
(2)an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations
(3)a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity
(4)how some AIS ideas have been reproduced
(5)how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated
(6)an overview of the funded support of athletes
(7)how performance requirements are calculated before an event
要注意的是,像第一题中的reference, 第二题的explanation, 第三题中的reason这些词尽管本身是名词,但因意义抽象,因此除非特殊情况,一般是无法作为关键词的。但是如果这个名词是复数,如第5题的optimum, 则往往意味着原文中很有可能是一个并列结构(并列词或并列句)。
b. 通读所有段落,依次寻找答案
因为每段都会有答案,因此现在所需要做的事情就是到每段去找答案。注意在选出信息后,要在选出的段落上做上记号,以免浪费时间。在上述题目中,我们在每段分别找到的对应信息有:
A段:… finances programme of excellence in … (对应第6题funded support)
B段:AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one … to others (对应第1题的exchange of expertise和different sports)
B段:They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete…’ (对应第3题narrowing the scope of research)
C段:It collects images from digital cameras… (对应第2题visual imaging)
D段:…to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run (对应第5题obstacles to optimum achievement)
E段:Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’. (对应第7题)
F段:Now everyone uses them.(对应第4题AIS ideas和reproduced)
这种做题方法的好处是尽管开始会比较慢,但是由于通过先做这种题目对全文进行了略读,因此考生理顺了文章的结构,后面的题目定位就会变得非常容易。比如上述文章的8, 9, 11, 12可以根据印象直接找到答案,而其它题目根据顺序原则来推测,也非常容易就能定位到。
c. 根据文章结构以及有否NB, 对余下的段落进行猜测。
雅思学术类阅读的文章一般都选自英美著名学术刊物,而这些学术性文章的一个特点就是结构相对比较稳定,即按照一定的逻辑顺序展开,比如因果顺序、时间顺序、总分顺序等。正是这种顺序,为我们解答段落细节配对题提供了方便。
在上述例子中,原文是一篇讲实验的文章,而任何对中学理科略有所知的考生都应该知道,一篇实验报告应该按照“实验目的 —
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